2023 July 7, Day trip to Savannah and Shiloh, Tennessee

 We started our day at the Tennessee River Museum in Savannah. 

A true air-breathing MOSASAUR

The City of Florence, a St. Louis and Tennessee River Packet Company boat, was named to honor the fast-growing city at the foot of Muscle Shoals. Upbound near Coffee Landing on February 8, 1913, she got out of control and was lying cross-stream when the towboat Tomahawk, down-bound and loaded with crossties, rammed and sunk her. One member of the crew and a young passenger lost their lives in the accident.

The picture below is the ship of 2 girls.

12-year-old Ruth Tarbet (left) was one of two casualties of the sinking ship. The daughter of a prominent Saltillo merchant, Ruth, and her daughter had boarded the doomed steamer for the short trip to visit relatives in Savannah.

We saw this picture in the Tennessee River Museum in Savannah

US GRANT HDGS

We stopped to get pictures of the cannons and cannon balls before crossing the Tennessee River and heading to Shiloh. 

HAGY'S CATFISH HOTEL 

We ate fried catfish, coleslaw, hush puppies, and grilled veggies. Ava ate fried chicken fingers and fries. She said that was the best chicken fingers she ever ate and she told our waitress she rated the food at 100. She ate every bite. We took several pictures at the restaurant and near the Tennessee River. 

Garfield's Cabin 

The History of Garfield 
Garfield's Cabin 
If the walls of the cabin could talk they would reveal the intriguing story of an extraordinary yet wonderful, resident for many years, Garfield Luster.
The story begins on a hot summer day around 1920 when Garfield is given a ride by Mr. Narvin Hagy, a local traveling salesman.
During this time, Garfield worked for a family that had mistreated him for many years. He decided to flee from this harsh environment at which time he met Mr. Norvin Hagy on an old gravel road. 
Mr. Hagy lived on a large farm bonding the Shiloh National Military. His parents were Frank and Mary Hagy. Frank, who had grown up on the farm, was a young boy of 13 when the "Battle of Shiloh" took place around their home in April 1862.
Garfield eventually planted his roots with the Hagy family and over the years developed a close bond with them.
During the many decades, he lived with the Hagy family, he helped care for four generations.

He not only cooked, but also laundered, and did other basic chores around the house, but also helped raise the youngsters... a duty he enjoyed the most. He nurtured the young family of Norvin and Dorothy Hagy, showering upon them devotion and care as if they were his own children. 
But Garfield did more than comfort, console and when necessary scold the children, he could also entertain them as well. 

Many years before the fables of Uncle Remas were popularized by Hollywood, Garfield charmed the young Hagys with his folktales of Brer Rabbit and Brer Fox. Another of his talents was acting. He could dress up as a comical character called "Aunt Emiley" and play her so convincingly that the c children momentarily would forget that they were watching Garfield in disguise.


One of Garfield's favorite stories was his explanation of how he got his name. Garfield always chuckled when he told how Garfield was bestowed upon him following the assassination of President Garfield.

Like his namesake, Garfield had experienced hard times: he refused to dwell on the past, only occasionally recalling his unhappy childhood. Garfield was born and raised in the small rural community of Red Bay in North Alabama, probably the son of a former slave.
Garfield was deprived of a formal education although he was highly intelligent and could have done well in school if he had been given the opportunity.

Even though he was not articulate, his speech was peppered with homespun, folksy southern colloquialism, slow as molasses, dead as a doornail, hot a blue blazes, sharp as a tack, strong as an ox, to quote a few.

King Kong 911 1h
Garfield lived a long and happy life in Shiloh with the Hagy family.
However, he suffered much bereavement at the death of Norvin Hagy in 1960, never fully recovering from the loss of a man who had provided a sanctuary for the greater part of his life. 

Shortly after Mr. Hagy's death in 1961 Garfield was diagnosed with prostate cancer. During the last weeks of his life, Norvin Hagy Jr and his wife Teke took Garfield home for a final visit with his relatives who at the time were living in Mississippi.
After his funeral at his church, Saint Rest in Guys, Tennessee attended by the Hagy Family, Garfield was laid to rest nearby in a small grove of trees. 
The Hagys will always remember Garfield with much love and gratitude as a person who embraced and enriched their lives.

By: the Hagy Family
Dr Don Hagy/Dean Hagy

Next, we stopped at Shiloh Battle Field. The Museum was closed for repairs but you could watch a film. We did not stay to watch the movie. We heard gunfire and went to check it out.  

Young Park Ranger giving a demonstration 

There was a young man (Park Ranger)doing a reenactment and was finishing up when we arrived. But he did show Ave the bullet, and let her feel the weight of the gun ( I think he said it weighed 10 lbs.) When we stopped at the Tennessee River Museum there was a gun ball behind glass that you could put your hand through to see if you could pick it up with one hand, that weighed 7 lbs. So she compared the two. 

Park Ranger talking to Ava about being a nurse in the Civil War

We stopped at the Book Museum where we bought her a book about not being a Nurse in the Civil War. We walked to the National Cemetery where a young woman was giving a talk about the battles between the North and South at Pittsburg Landing.

Ava had read several pages about the Civil War in her book and was asking several questions about the War.

The Park Ranger finished her talk but Ava kept asking her questions. It began to sprinkle so we hurried back to the car. We rode around the park stopping for a few pictures. 

Shiloh Log Church 

We stopped at the old log cabin church to take a few pictures.

We started for home and the sky got darker and darker and it began to rain. The closer we got to Alabama the harder it rained.

Our last stop was at Wendy's for a Strawberry Frosty. That's what Ava wanted and I had never tried one. We all ordered a Strawberry Frosty and it was good. Ava and I played a game all the way home in our Imaginary worlds.

Hardeeville Jasper County South Carolina Savannah National Wildlife Refuge

What it takes to sustain the Wildlife Refuge

These  markers are along the Laurel Hill Wildlife Drive

Prescribed Burning for Public Health and Safety

The industries in Savannah and Port Wentworth, Georgia stand above the horizon, less than three miles away from this overlook. A wildfire in Savannah National Wildlife Refuge could threaten these communities. Wildfire produces tons of smoke and ash, which spread for great distances. Airborne particles of organic matter and carbon in smoke are pollutants. They threaten persons with asthma and other respiratory ailments. Smoke pollution also impacts transportation. At night, smoke settles near the ground, lowering visibility on highways and at airports. 

The Fish and Wildlife Service uses prescribed burning to help prevent wildfire and air pollution in nearby communities. When necessary, trained crews burn this marsh and adjacent lands to reduce the accumulation of “fuels” (dry grass and wood). This process significantly reduces the chances of wildfire and widespread smoke. Prescribed burns are short-lasting and are scheduled so that smoke disperses away from populated areas.

Plantation Cistern

Plantation Cistern

2. Plantation Cistern

This small island of trees was a slave community on Recess Plantation, which bordered Laurel Hill Plantation. Called a hammock, it was a small area of high ground in a sea of wetland rice fields. The round brick structure, just ahead in the woods, was a cistern that stored drinking water and perishable foods. The cistern was needed because well water in the area often was unfit to drink. Rainwater probably was collected from the roofs of six slave’s quarters and funneled into the brick-lined reservoir. The cistern was about seven feet deep. A wooden lid kept out animals and debris. 

 Explore Recess Hammock 

Look for Chinese parasol trees with pale green trunks and 5-lobed leaves. The Asian trees were planted for shade on Low Country plantations. Notice periwinkle, a purple-flowered vine once cultivated as ground cover. Watch and listen for birds — warblers, thrushes, wrens, and sparrows — that nest and feed in the hammock’s mature hardwoods. 

Rainwater was collected at slave quarters and funneled to the cistern.

Rice Field Trunk

3. Rice Field Trunk 

This water control structure is called a trunk.  It is similar to trunks used to manage water flow to and from plantation rice fields. At Savannah National Wildlife Refuge, trunks are operated to set water levels in impoundments (reservoirs). 

 A trunk is a long wooden box with a heavy “flap gate” at either end. This dike crosses over the trunk. Only the gates and their support structures are visible. The gates facing the canal and the field are often kept closed. 

 To flood the nearby impounding: The trunk’s tide creek/canal side gate is raised. Raising tidewater flows through the trunk and forces open the opposite field-side gate, letting water into the impoundment. When the water reaches the preferred depth in the impoundment, the water pressure pushes the field-side door shut. Both gates are kept closed to hold water in the fields.  

 To drain the fields: The field-side gate is raised allowing water to drain out to the tidal creek/canal during low tide.

Managing Water for Wildlife Moist Soil Management

Canal

4. Managing Water for Wildlife Moist Soil Management

 Nearly three thousand acres of former rice fields are managed to benefit wildlife at Savannah National Wildlife Refuge. The refuge provides 18 impoundments (reservoirs) with nearly 50 miles of earthen dikes and a variety of trunks (floodgates). Similar to the way water was controlled in plantation fields, freshwater from the Little Black River is raised and lowered in these impoundments to produce diverse habitats. The managed wetlands benefit fish, shorebirds, wading birds, and waterfowl–including nearly 25,000 ducks annually. 

 Aquatic management keeps wetlands flooded for several years to encourage plants with high food value and cover for wildlife. Aquatic impoundments also provide breeding habitats for birds, amphibians, and fish. These animals, in turn, are prey for alligators, river otters, ospreys, and bald eagles. 

Alligator

 Moist soil management produces shallow water and mudflat habitats. Water is drained during the growing season to promote plants preferred by wintering waterfowl, breeding birds, and other wildlife. Countless invertebrates that thrive within decaying plant litter provide valuable sources of protein for migrating shorebirds and ducks.

Using Fire to Benefit Wildlife

5. Using Fire to Benefit Wildlife

This freshwater wetland is a productive wildlife habitat. The scattered pond's diverse vegetation offers water, food, and shelter for countless birds and other wildlife. If left untended, however, the marsh will become clogged with a few species of invasive perennial plants. To preserve this ecosystem, the Fish and Wildlife Service uses a variety of management tools. 

One of the most effective tools is prescribed burning–the planned application of controlled fire, under an appropriate condition, for specific purposes. Here, burning is used to eliminate invasive and exotic perennials such as cattails, cut-grass species, and rattle-bush. Annual plants soon colonize the bare soil and yield seeds of higher value to wildlife. Burning also removes tons of dry, dead vegetation that could fuel a destructive wildfire.

Laurel Hill Plantation

6. Laurel Hill Plantation

Framed by three massive live oak trees, this grassy knoll was a home site on Laurel Hill Plantation before the Civil War. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge includes portions of 13 former rice plantations. Ten including Laurel Hill were located in South Carolina. Laurel Hill was nearly 400 acres in size and belonged to several owners during the years of rice cultivation in the Savannah area (1750-1860). The most prominent owner was Daniel Heyward (1810-1888). He was a nephew of Thomas Heyward Jr, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and of Nathaniel Heyward, the greatest rice planter of his day, who once owned 10 South Carolina plantations and 2,000 slaves.

Motorists are welcome on the Laurel Hill Wildlife Drive, off of S.C. 170, which meanders along four miles of earthen dikes through managed freshwater pools and hardwood hammocks. Many hiking and biking trails are also available to the visiting public. 

Some of the critters we saw 

Birds

Orange Snake 

trees along the trail 

alligator 

The Savannah NWR Visitor Center is located on U.S. 17, seven miles north of downtown Savannah, Georgia, or seven miles south of I-95 at Hardeeville, South Carolina.

We stopped at the Visitor Center watched a ten-minute video, walked through the museum and gift shop, then rode through the Wild Life Refuge. 

 Visitor Center